Bitonal:

An image made up of pixels that either are white or black (i.e., an image that includes no shades of grey or color).

Digitisation:

Is the conversion of analog information in any form (text, photographs, voice, etc.) to digital form with suitable electronic devices (such as a scanner or specialized computer chips) so that the information can be processed, stored, and transmitted through digital circuits, equipment, and networks.

Further reading:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digitizing

Dublin Core:

Is a metadata standard which is a simple yet effective element set for describing a wide range of networked resources. The Dublin Core standard includes two levels: Simple and Qualified. Simple Dublin Core comprises fifteen elements; Qualified Dublin Core includes three additional elements (Audience, Provenance and RightsHolder), as well as a group of element refinements (also called qualifiers) that refine the semantics of the elements in ways that may be useful in resource discovery.

Further reading:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dublin_Core

Greyscale:

Is a range of shades of grey without apparent colour. The darkest possible shade is black, which is the total absence of transmitted or reflected light. The lightest possible shade is white, the total transmission or reflection of light at all visible wavelengths. Intermediate shades of grey are represented by equal brightness levels of the three primary colours (red, green and blue) for transmitted light, or equal amounts of the three primary pigments (cyan, magenta and yellow) for reflected light.

Further reading:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grayscale

eContentplus:

Was the EU’s funding programme to make digital content in Europe more accessible, usable and exploitable. It expired on 31st December 2008.

Europeana:

Is the multi-lingual online collection of millions of digitized items from European museums, libraries, archives and multi-media collections.

Further reading:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europeana

i2010 Strategy:

Is the EU policy framework for the information society and media.

Further reading:

http://ec.europa.eu/information_society/eeurope/i2010/index_en.htm

Image Segmentation:

The goal of image segmentation is to cluster pixels into salient image regions, i.e., regions corresponding to individual surfaces, objects, or natural parts of objects.

Further reading:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Segmentation_(image_processing)

JPEG File:

Means ‘Joint Photographic Experts Group’. It is a file compression technique which enables image file sizes to be reduced by as much as 96 percent with unnoticeable loss of detail.

Further reading:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JPEG

JPEG2000 File:

Is a wavelet-based image compression standard and coding system developed with the intention of superseding the original JPEG standard.

Further reading:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JPEG_2000

MARC  Records:

Means ‘MAchine Readable Catalogue’. MARC formats are standards for the representation and communication of bibliographic and related information in machine-readable form.

Further reading:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MARC_standards

Megapixel:

Simply put, a megapixel is equal to one million pixels. Digital images are made up of thousands of these tiny, tile-like picture elements. The more pixels, the higher the image resolution. Resolution relates primarily to print size and the amount of detail an image has when viewed on a computer monitor at 100%.

Further reading:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixel

Metatdata:

Is “data about data”. The term refers to any data used to aid the identification, description and location of networked electronic resources. Many different metadata formats exist, some quite simple in their description, others quite complex and rich.

Further reading:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metadata

MODS File:

Is a computer file format used primarily to represent music, and was the first module file format.

Further reading:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MOD_(file_format)

OCR:

Means ‘Optical Character Recognition. It is the electronic translation of images of handwritten, typewritten or printed text into machine-editable text. It is used to convert paper books and documents into electronic files.

Further reading:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_character_recognition

PDF File:

Means ‘Portable Document Format’. It is file format developed by Adobe Systems. PDF captures formatting information from a variety of desktop publishing applications, making it possible to send formatted documents and have them appear on the recipient's monitor or printer as they were intended.

Further reading:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portable_Document_Format

RAW File:

Is a collection of unprocessed data. This means the file has not been altered, compressed, or manipulated in any way by the computer. Raw files are often used as data files by software programs that load and process the data.

Further reading:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raw_image_format

TIFF File:

Means ‘Tagged Image File Format’. It is a file format for storing images, including photographs. It was originally created by the company Aldus but it now under the control of Adobe Systems.

Further reading:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tagged_Image_File_Format

XML:

Means ‘Extensible Markup Language’.It is a set of rules for encoding documents electronically.

Further reading:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XML